How does the U.S. Navy body fat method work?
The U.S. Navy body fat formula uses circumference measurements at the neck, waist, and (for women) hip, along with height, to estimate body fat percentage. It is one of the most widely used field methods because it requires only a measuring tape and provides a reasonable estimate without specialized equipment.
Body fat categories
For men, essential fat is 2-5%, athletic range is 6-13%, fitness range is 14-17%, average is 18-24%, and above 25% is considered high. For women, essential fat is 10-13%, athletic range is 14-20%, fitness range is 21-24%, average is 25-31%, and above 32% is considered high. Women naturally carry more essential body fat than men.
How to measure correctly
- Measure your neck just below the larynx (Adam's apple).
- Measure your waist at the navel, relaxed (not sucked in).
- For women, measure hips at the widest point.
- Stand upright and keep the tape horizontal and snug but not compressing the skin.